Class A ventral spinal epidural hematoma as a rare complication of hypertensive crisis

ABSTRACT

Spinal epidural hematoma is a rare but severe medical condition that can cause neurological deficits and disability. In this case report, a 53-year-old man with poorly controlled hypertension and end-stage renal disease presented with hypertensive crisis and a one-week history of back pain, abdominal pain, and pain radiating down his legs. Despite rapid blood pressure control, the patient was found to have a 21 mm ventral epidural hematoma at T10 causing thoracic cord compression and paraplegia. The patient underwent surgical hematoma evacuation but remained paraplegic with minimal motor and sensory recovery. Spinal epidural hematoma is a complication of hypertensive crisis. Clinicians should be aware of the possible development of spinal epidural hematoma in patients with hypertensive crisis, even in cases with no obvious risk factors. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing permanent neurological damage and improving patient outcomes. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors for spinal epidural hematoma in patients with hypertensive crisis.

Keywords: Hypertensive crisis, spinal epidural hematoma, paraplegia; neurosurgery