Cefepime-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus

Abstract

Cefepime-induced non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) can develop in patients with advanced age, renal impairment, and previous central nervous system disorders. Its clinical presentation varies from confusion, mutism, and decreased level of consciousness to coma. The typical electroencephalogram (EEG) findings are generalized spike and wave discharges of 1-3 Hz. We present a case series of 4 patients with cefepime-induced NCSE, including the clinical presentation and EEG findings. Electroencephalograms should be part of the workup of acute confusional state in patients on this antibiotic, and physicians should be aware of this uncommon complication.

Keywords: Non-convulsive status epilepticus, cefepime, confusion, mutism, electroencephalogram.